Websites for these exchanges now show notices announcing a law enforcement operation called "Operation Final Exchange". The page announces to visitors "This was your final exchange!", and in a letter addressed to "ransomware affiliates, botnet operators and darknet vendors", warns that authorities are now working to trace the illicit users of the exchange.
Germany seizes 47 cryptocurrency exchanges reportedly used by ransomware groups
German authorities have seized 47 cryptocurrency exchanges alleged to have been used to launder stolen funds by ransomware groups. The exchanges did not require KYC, allowing customers to remain anonymous throughout their transactions.
- "Germany seizes 47 crypto exchanges used by ransomware gangs", BleepingComputer
Arrests made after $243 million stolen from one individual in Gemini phishing attack
Two people have been arrested in relation to a phishing scam that successfully stole more than 4,000 BTC priced at around $243 million from a single individual. The victim was targeted with a phishing scam in which the attackers posed as Google support employees and convinced the victim to reset their two-factor authentication for their account on the Gemini cryptocurrency exchange.
The FBI raided a luxury home in Miami in connection to the theft, and arrested two men in their early twenties. Authorities worked with crypto investigators including zachxbt to trace the stolen funds.
Rari Capital settles with the SEC
The defi lending protocol Rari Capital, and its three co-founders, have settled charges from the SEC that it misled investors and engaged in unregistered broker activity. Rari Capital entities also settled charges that they conducted unregistered offerings of three securities, and engaged in unregistered securities offerings and unregistered broker activity. The SEC alleged that the firm and its co-founders made false statements to investors about supposedly automatic re-balancing of assets into the highest yield opportunities when, in fact, rebalancing was also done manually. The SEC also alleged that the company and its co-founders made misleading statements about the supposedly high yield from the platform, which they said did not account for fees, and which ultimately caused many investors to lose money.
The company and co-founders will pay fines, and the individuals will agree to five-year bans from serving as officers or directors.
The regional SEC director stated, "We will not be deterred by someone labeling a product as 'decentralized' and 'autonomous'," alluding to crypto firms' tendencies to try to skirt securities regulations by claiming to be "decentralized".
Rari has featured on Web3 is Going Just Great before, when they were exploited for around $80 million in April 2022 and when they were exploited for around $15 million in May 2021. The project effectively wound down soon after the second theft.
- "SEC Charges DeFi Platform Rari Capital and its Founders With Misleading Investors and Acting as Unregistered Brokers", U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission [archive]
eToro settles with SEC for $1.5 million, shuts down most crypto trading
The eToro stock and crypto trading platform settled with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on charges that it was operating an unregistered broker and unregistered clearing agency, and facilitating trading certain crypto assets as securities. The platform agreed to pay $1.5 million in fines. As a part of the settlement, the platform will also restrict crypto trading for its U.S.-based customers to only bitcoin, bitcoin cash, and ether.
- “eToro Reaches Settlement with SEC and Will Cease Trading Activity in Nearly All Crypto Assets”, United States Securities and Exchange Commission [archive]
State securities regulators settle with GS Partners over pyramid schemes including "tokenized skyscraper"
Five states have settled with the European crypto firm GS Partners over several crypto investment pyramid schemes. These included one in which the firm sold crypto "vouchers", each representing a single square inch of a 36-floor Dubai sksycraper, which they said would allow holders to earn passive income from rental leases. The group reportedly offered a 5% weekly guaranteed return. Other schemes involved selling metaverse land and a token purportedly backed by gold. GS Partners worked with various celebrity spokespeople, including eternal moth-to-the-flame of scammy crypto projects, Floyd Mayweather. The GS Partners firm shut down in the United States as of December 2023.
Terms of the settlement include 100% repayment of investments made by victims in the five states that settled: Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, and Georgia.
GS Partners has also faced regulatory scrutiny in other US states, as well as in Canada, Australia, and South Africa.
Robinhood pays $3.9 million to settle commodities law violations in California
Robinhood has paid $3.9 million to settle charges from the California Department of Justice that the platform was violating commodities laws. From 2018 to 2022, the popular trading platform prohibited its customers from actually taking custody of the cryptocurrency assets they purchased on the platform. According to the California DOJ, this violated the state's commodities laws.
In addition to the fine, terms of the settlement require the platform to allow its customers to withdraw their crypto assets, and to update disclosures regarding asset custody.
The California DOJ also accused the platform of misleading its customers by claiming that the app "advertis[ed] it would connect to multiple trading venues, to ensure customers receive the most competitive prices between the venues, which was not always true". They also say that Robinhood lied about always holding all customer crypto assets purchased through the platform, when in reality, "there were instances in which it arranged for trading venues to hold customer assets for extended periods".
- "Attorney General Bonta Secures $3.9 Million Settlement with Cryptocurrency Company Robinhood", California Attorney General's Office [archive]
SEC charges Galois Capital, Galois settles
Eighteen months after the crypto-focused algorithmic trading fund Galois Capital shut down, explaining that they had lost around $40 million in the FTX collapse, the SEC has filed a lawsuit against the firm for failing to properly custody their clients' funds. According to the SEC, instead of complying with SEC requirements that investment advisers hold assets with qualified custodians like banks, Galois was keeping assets on crypto exchanges including FTX.
The SEC also charged that Galois Capital had misled some investors into believing they needed five business days of notice to redeem assets, while other investors were allowed to redeem assets more quickly.
Galois agreed to a settlement with the SEC in which they will pay a $225,000 penalty, which will go to investors who lost money.
- "SEC Charges Crypto-Focused Advisory Firm Galois Capital for Custody Failures", U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
OpenSea receives SEC Wells notice
OpenSea has announced that they received a Wells notice from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, warning them of a likely lawsuit from the agency. According to CEO Devin Finzer, "they believe NFTs on our platform are securities". Finzer did not provide any more details about the scope of the SEC's notice.
Finzer promised that the company would vigorously fight any impending lawsuit.
The lawsuit echoes previous enforcement actions by the SEC, such as a September 2023 settlement with the celebrity-backed Stoner Cats project, in which the SEC suggested that it may broadly view NFTs as securities if investors "reasonably expect to profit" from the continued efforts of those who release the NFTs.
Brothers charged by SEC for $60 million "crypto bot" Ponzi scheme
Brothers Jonathan and Tanner Adam were charged with violating the antifraud provisions of the federal securities laws with their GCZ Global and Triten Financial Group entities, which the SEC alleges amounted to a $61.5 million Ponzi scheme that impacted more than 80 victims. The brothers claimed to have a crypto arbitrage bot that would pull from investor funds to perform profitable trades that would earn them 8–13.5% returns. They claimed to investors that, short of a complete meltdown in global financial markets, their funds would be safe.
However, $53.9 million of investor funds were used to pay other investors, in classic Ponzi fashion. The brothers also used investor funds to build houses for themselves and their family, purchase vehicles and designer goods, and make payments on a $30 million condo in Miami for Tanner.
One of the brothers, Jonathan, had in 2004 been convicted on felony securities law violations that resulted in a four-year jail sentence and more than $300,000 in restitution.
- "SEC Charges Brothers Jonathan and Tanner Adam with $60 Million Ponzi Scheme", U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission [archive]
Abra crypto lender charged with securities violations, settles
The SEC charged the Abra cryptocurrency lending platform with failing to register the offers and sales of its retail crypto asset lending product, Abra Earn, and with operating as an unregistered investment company. Abra Earn was available to US customers from July 2020 until June 2023.
Abra settled the charges from the SEC by agreeing to an obey-the-law injunction, and agreeing to pay as-yet-undetermined civil penalties.
In January 2024, Abra settled claims from the Texas State Securities Board by agreeing to refund customers. As a part of the complaint, the TSSB had alleged that Abra was "insolvent or nearly insolvent", and had been making misleading statements. In June 2024, Abra settled with 25 state regulatory agencies, agreeing to refund up to $82.1 million to its US customers. Abra had begun winding down operations in the United States in mid-2023, after facing multiple state regulatory actions.
- "SEC Charges Abra with Unregistered Offers and Sales of Crypto Asset Securities", U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission [archive]
- "Crypto firm Abra reaches settlement with US states for operating without licenses", Reuters